SUMMARY

Carol Dweck discusses the concept of “Not Yet” and its impact on fostering a growth mindset in students, emphasizing resilience and continuous improvement.

IDEAS

  • “Not Yet” grades help students see learning as a continuous process rather than a fixed state.
  • Growth mindset students view challenges as opportunities to develop their abilities.
  • Fixed mindset students see failure as a judgment of their intelligence.
  • Praising effort, strategies, focus, perseverance, and improvement fosters resilience in children.
  • Growth mindset students engage deeply with errors, learning from and correcting them.
  • Employers report that young workers need constant validation due to their upbringing and fixed mindset.
  • Online math games reward effort and strategy to increase engagement and perseverance.
  • Teaching that neurons form stronger connections through effort helps improve student performance.
  • Growth mindset classrooms can significantly improve performance in underperforming student groups.
  • Effort and difficulty are seen as opportunities for growth in growth mindset environments.
  • A 13-year-old boy improved his life by applying growth mindset principles to schoolwork and relationships.
  • Creating environments that foster growth mindsets is a basic human right for all children.
  • The power of “Not Yet” provides a path into the future, encouraging persistence.
  • Fixed mindset students may cheat or seek validation from others after failure.
  • Growth mindset can transform the meaning of effort and difficulty from negative to positive.
  • Students with growth mindsets show more brain activity when confronting errors.
  • Growth mindset principles can lead to significant academic improvements in struggling students.
  • Praise should focus on the process rather than innate intelligence or talent.
  • Growth mindset can help close achievement gaps in diverse student populations.
  • The concept of “Not Yet” can be applied to various aspects of life beyond academics.

INSIGHTS

  • “Not Yet” grades shift focus from failure to potential future success, fostering resilience.
  • Growth mindsets transform challenges into opportunities for development and learning.
  • Fixed mindsets lead to avoidance of challenges and reliance on external validation.
  • Praising the process rather than innate talent builds resilience and perseverance in children.
  • Growth mindset students actively engage with errors, leading to deeper learning and correction.
  • Environments fostering growth mindsets are essential for equitable education and human rights.
  • Teaching about brain plasticity through effort can significantly improve student performance.
  • Growth mindset principles can close achievement gaps in underperforming student groups.
  • Effort and difficulty are redefined as opportunities for growth in growth mindset environments.
  • Applying growth mindset principles can lead to improvements in various life areas.

QUOTES

  • “The power of yet.”
  • “If you get a failing grade, you think, I’m nothing, I’m nowhere.”
  • “They understood that their abilities could be developed.”
  • “They were gripped in the tyranny of now.”
  • “Their brain is on fire with yet.”
  • “Are we raising kids who are obsessed with getting A’s?”
  • “Employers are coming to me and saying, we have already raised a generation of young workers who can’t get through the day without an award.”
  • “Praising the process that kids engage in: their effort, their strategies, their focus, their perseverance, their improvement.”
  • “This process praise creates kids who are hardy and resilient.”
  • “Just the words ‘yet’ or ‘not yet,’ we’re finding, give kids greater confidence.”
  • “Every time they push out of their comfort zone to learn something new and difficult, the neurons in their brain can form new, stronger connections.”
  • “In one year, a kindergarten class in Harlem, New York scored in the 95th percentile on the National Achievement Test.”
  • “The native kids outdid the Microsoft kids.”
  • “Effort and difficulty made them feel dumb, made them feel like giving up.”
  • “I now realize I’ve wasted most of my life.”
  • “It becomes a basic human right for children, all children, to live in places that create that growth.”

HABITS

  • Praise children’s effort, strategies, focus, perseverance, and improvement rather than innate intelligence or talent.
  • Encourage children to view challenges as opportunities for development and learning.
  • Teach children about brain plasticity and how effort strengthens neural connections.
  • Create environments that foster growth mindsets to promote equitable education.
  • Use the concept of “Not Yet” to provide a path into the future and encourage persistence.

FACTS

  • Students with growth mindsets show more brain activity when confronting errors.
  • Growth mindset classrooms can significantly improve performance in underperforming student groups.
  • A kindergarten class in Harlem scored in the 95th percentile on the National Achievement Test within one year.
  • Fourth-grade students in the South Bronx became the number one fourth-grade class in New York State on the state math test within one year.
  • Native American students on a reservation outperformed affluent sections of Seattle within a year to a year and a half.

ONE-SENTENCE TAKEAWAY

Fostering a growth mindset through “Not Yet” grades and process praise builds resilience and equitable education.

RECOMMENDATIONS

  • Use “Not Yet” grades to help students see learning as a continuous process.
  • Praise children’s effort, strategies, focus, perseverance, and improvement rather than innate intelligence or talent.
  • Encourage children to view challenges as opportunities for development and learning.
  • Teach children about brain plasticity and how effort strengthens neural connections.
  • Create environments that foster growth mindsets to promote equitable education.